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KMID : 1143420220150281997
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Public Health Weekly Report
2022 Volume.15 No. 28 p.1997 ~ p.2016
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Results of the tuberculosis epidemiological investigation congregated settings, 2021
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Park Yong-Joon
Park Jin-A
Han Sun-Mi
Kim Ji-Eun
Park Su-Bin
Kwon Yun-Hyung
Kim You-Mi
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Abstract
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Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Individuals can become infected when they are in close contacts with people with TB. Therefore, the early identification of TB patients through rapid epidemiological investigation and treatment of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are considered one of the effective strategies for TB control and prevention, when an active TB case is detected. In addition, World Health
Organization (WHO) also recommends screening and treatment for LTBI, and prioritizing contacts of TB patients.
The epidemiological investigation for TB cases was based on identifying contacts of TB patients in congregate settings and households and conducting diagnostic tests for TB/LTBI. In 2021, a total of 158 cases (568.2 cases per 100,000 population) among 27,808 household contacts of TB patients, and a total of 85 cases (94.4 cases per 100,000 population) among 90,073 congregate setting contacts of TB patients were early identified. As compared to the incidence of TB (18,335 cases; 35.7 cases per 100,000 population) in 2021 in the Republic of Korea (ROK), the risk of TB transmission was 15.9 times higher in household contacts and 2.6 times higher in congregate setting contacts, suggesting that comprehensive control measures are required. In particular a total of 40 cases were diagnosed with TB in social welfare facilities, of which 87.5% (35 cases) were from welfare facilities for seniors. In addition, the number of TB cases among partners or children within households and the risk of TB transmission among grandparents (4,301.1 cases per 100,000 population) and parents (1,164 cases per 100,000 population) were found to be high; thus, proper management of TB patients including testing and treatment within households is necessary.The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) provides support for diagnostic tests for TB/LTBI and treatment and care for contacts of TB patients in congregate settings and households. We will continue to strengthen the national strategies of TB control and prevention, in cooperation with provinces and medical experts to reach the goal to end TB by 2030.
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KEYWORD
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Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis patients, Latent tuberculosis infection, Household contacts, Contact investigation, Epidemiological investigation
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